FIBONACCI NUMBERS       In mathematics, the Fibonacci numbers, commonly denoted F_n, form a sequence, called the Fibonacci sequence, such that each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, starting from 0 and 1. That is,^[1]

${\displaystyle F_{0}=0,\quad F_{1}=1,}$

and

${\displaystyle F_{n}=F_{n-1}+F_{n-2},}$

for n > 1.

The beginning of the sequence is thus:

                                 

${\displaystyle 0,\;1,\;1,\;2,\;3,\;5,\;8,\;13,\;21,\;34,\;55,\;89,\;144,\;\ldots }$

              

SEIVE OF ERATOSTHENES

Pedagogy of mathematics

Pedagogy of mathematics

NAPIER'S BONES.               

             Napier's bones" is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston, Scotland for the calculation of products and quotients of numbers. The method was based on lattice multiplication, and was also called Rabdology. Napier published his version in 1617 in Rabdology,printed in Edinburgh, Scotland, dedicated to his patron Alexander Seton.

Pedagogy of mathematics ... Exercise

ABACCUS                                

           The abacus (plural abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use in the ancient Near East, Europe, China, and Russia, centuries before the adoption of the written Hindu–Arabic numeral system.^[1] The exact origin of the abacus is still unknown. Today, abacuses are often constructed as a bamboo frame with beads sliding on wires, but originally they were beans or stones moved in grooves of sand or on tablets of wood, stone, or metal.

Abacuses come in different designs. Some designs, like the bead frame consisting of beads divided into tens, are used mainly to teach arithmetic, although they remain popular in the post-Soviet states as a tool. Other designs, such as the Japanese soroban, have been used for practical calculations even involving several digits. 

Roman Numerals Chart

Shakuntala Devi

Clock

MATHS ON CLOCK

pi

VALUE OF Pi

Euler's spiral

EULER'S  SPIRAL

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